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Utilities / Helper Classes
Bootstrap 5 has a lot of utility/helper classes to quickly style elements without using any CSS code.
Borders
Use the border classes to add or remove borders from an element:
Example
<span class="border"></span>
<span class="border border-0"></span>
<span class="border border-top-0"></span>
<span class="border border-end-0"></span>
<span class="border border-bottom-0"></span>
<span class="border border-start-0"></span>
<br>
<span class="border-top"></span>
<span class="border-end"></span>
<span class="border-bottom"></span>
<span class="border-start"></span>
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Border Width
Use .border-1 to .border-5 to change the width of the border:
Example
<span class="border border-1"></span>
<span class="border border-2"></span>
<span class="border border-3"></span>
<span class="border border-4"></span>
<span class="border border-5"></span>
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Border Color
Add a color to the border with any of the contextual border color classes:
Example
<span class="border border-primary"></span>
<span class="border border-secondary"></span>
<span class="border border-success"></span>
<span class="border border-danger"></span>
<span class="border border-warning"></span>
<span class="border border-info"></span>
<span class="border border-light"></span>
<span class="border border-dark"></span>
<span class="border border-white"></span>
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Border Radius
Add rounded corners to an element with the rounded classes:
Example
<span class="rounded"></span>
<span class="rounded-top"></span>
<span class="rounded-end"></span>
<span class="rounded-bottom"></span>
<span class="rounded-start"></span>
<span class="rounded-circle"></span>
<span class="rounded-pill" style="width:130px"></span>
<span class="rounded-0"></span>
<span class="rounded-1"></span>
<span class="rounded-2"></span>
<span class="rounded-3"></span>
<span class="rounded-4"></span>
<span class="rounded-5"></span>
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Float and Clearfix
Float an element to the right with the .float-end class or to the left with .float-start, and clear floats with the .clearfix class:
Example
Float leftFloat right
<div class="clearfix">
<span class="float-start">Float left</span>
<span class="float-end">Float right</span>
</div>
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Responsive Floats
Float an element to the left or to the right depending on screen width, with the responsive float classes (.float-*-start|end - where * is sm (>=576px), md (>=768px), lg (>=992px), xl (>=1200px) or xxl (>=1400px)):
Example
Float right on small screens or wider
Float right on medium screens or wider
Float right on large screens or wider
Float right on extra large screens or wider
Float right on XXL screens or wider
Float none
<div class="float-sm-end">Float right on small screens or wider</div><br>
<div class="float-md-end">Float right on medium screens or wider</div><br>
<div class="float-lg-end">Float right on large screens or wider</div><br>
<div class="float-xl-end">Float right on extra large screens or wider</div><br>
<div class="float-xxl-end">Float right on XXL screens or wider</div><br>
<div class="float-none">Float none</div>
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Center Align
Center an element with the .mx-auto class (adds margin-left and margin-right: auto):
Example
Centered
<div class="mx-auto bg-warning" style="width:150px">Centered</div>
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Width
Set the width of an element with the w-* classes (.w-25, .w-50, .w-75, .w-100, .mw-auto, .mw-100):
Example
Width 25%
Width 50%
Width 75%
Width 100%
Auto Width
Max Width 100%
<div class="w-25 bg-warning">Width 25%</div>
<div class="w-50 bg-warning">Width 50%</div>
<div class="w-75 bg-warning">Width 75%</div>
<div class="w-100 bg-warning">Width 100%</div>
<div class="w-auto bg-warning">Auto Width</div>
<div class="mw-100 bg-warning">Max Width 100%</div>
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Height
Set the height of an element with the h-* classes (.h-25, .h-50, .h-75, .h-100, .mh-auto, .mh-100):
Example
Height 25%
Height 50%
Height 75%
Height 100%
Auto Height
Max Height 100%
<div style="height:200px;background-color:#ddd">
<div class="h-25 bg-warning">Height 25%</div>
<div class="h-50 bg-warning">Height 50%</div>
<div class="h-75 bg-warning">Height 75%</div>
<div class="h-100 bg-warning">Height 100%</div>
<div class="h-auto bg-warning">Auto Height</div>
<div class="mh-100 bg-warning" style="height:500px">Max Height 100%</div>
</div>
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Spacing
Bootstrap 5 has a wide range of responsive margin and padding utility classes. They work for all breakpoints: xs (<=576px), sm (>=576px), md (>=768px), lg (>=992px), xl (>=1200px) or xxl (>=1400px)):
The classes are used in the format: {property}{sides}-{size} for xs and {property}{sides}-{breakpoint}-{size} for sm, md, lg, xl and xxl.
Where property is one of:
m- setsmarginp- setspadding
Where sides is one of:
t- setsmargin-toporpadding-topb- setsmargin-bottomorpadding-bottoms- setsmargin-leftorpadding-lefte- setsmargin-rightorpadding-rightx- sets bothpadding-leftandpadding-rightormargin-leftandmargin-righty- sets bothpadding-topandpadding-bottomormargin-topandmargin-bottom- blank - sets a
marginorpaddingon all 4 sides of the element
Where size is one of:
0- setsmarginorpaddingto01- setsmarginorpaddingto.25rem2- setsmarginorpaddingto.5rem3- setsmarginorpaddingto1rem4- setsmarginorpaddingto1.5rem5- setsmarginorpaddingto3remauto- setsmarginto auto
Example
I only have a top padding (1.5rem)
I have a padding on all sides (3rem)
I have a margin on all sides (3rem) and a bottom padding (3rem)
<div class="pt-4 bg-warning">I only have a top padding (1.5rem)</div>
<div class="p-5 bg-success">I have a padding on all sides (3rem)</div>
<div class="m-5 pb-5 bg-info">I have a margin on all sides (3rem) and a bottom padding (3rem)</div>
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More Spacing Examples
.m-# / m-*-# | margin on all sides | Try it |
.mt-# / mt-*-# | margin top | Try it |
.mb-# / mb-*-# | margin bottom | Try it |
.ms-# / ms-*-# | margin left | Try it |
.me-# / me-*-# | margin right | Try it |
.mx-# / mx-*-# | margin left and right | Try it |
.my-# / my-*-# | margin top and bottom | Try it |
.p-# / p-*-# | padding on all sides | Try it |
.pt-# / pt-*-# | padding top | Try it |
.pb-# / pb-*-# | padding bottom | Try it |
.ps-# / ps-*-# | padding left | Try it |
.pe-# / pe-*-# | padding right | Try it |
.py-# / py-*-# | padding top and bottom | Try it |
.px-# / px-*-# | padding left and right | Try it |
You can read more about rem and different size units in our CSS Units Reference.
Shadows
Use the shadow- classes to add shadows to an element:
Example
No shadow
Small shadow
Default shadow
Large shadow
<div class="shadow-none p-4 mb-4 bg-light">No shadow</div>
<div class="shadow-sm p-4 mb-4 bg-white">Small shadow</div>
<div class="shadow p-4 mb-4 bg-white">Default shadow</div>
<div class="shadow-lg p-4 mb-4 bg-white">Large shadow</div>
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Vertical Align
Use the align- classes to change the alignment of elements (only works on inline, inline-block, inline-table and table cell elements):
Example
baselinetopmiddlebottomtext-toptext-bottom
<span class="align-baseline">baseline</span>
<span class="align-top">top</span>
<span class="align-middle">middle</span>
<span class="align-bottom">bottom</span>
<span class="align-text-top">text-top</span>
<span class="align-text-bottom">text-bottom</span>
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Aspect Ratio
Create responsive video or slideshows based on the width of the parent.
Add the .ratio class together with an aspect ratio of your choice .ratio-* to a parent element, and add the embed (video or iframe) inside of it:
Example
<!-- Aspect ratio 1:1 -->
<div class="ratio ratio-1x1">
<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tgbNymZ7vqY"></iframe>
</div>
<!-- Aspect ratio 4:3 -->
<div class="ratio ratio-4x3">
<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tgbNymZ7vqY"></iframe>
</div>
<!-- Aspect ratio 16:9 -->
<div class="ratio ratio-16x9">
<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tgbNymZ7vqY"></iframe>
</div>
<!-- Aspect ratio 21:9 -->
<div class="ratio ratio-21x9">
<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tgbNymZ7vqY"></iframe>
</div>
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Visibility
Use the .visible or .invisible classes to control the visibility of elements. Note: These classes do not change the CSS display value. They only add visibility:visible or visibility:hidden:
Example
I am visible
I am invisible
<div class="visible">I am visible</div>
<div class="invisible">I am invisible</div>
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Close icon
Use the .btn-close class to style a close icon. This is often used for alerts and modals.
Example
<button type="button" class="btn-close"></button>
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Screenreaders
Use the .visually-hidden class to hide an element on all devices, except screen readers:
Example
<span class="visually-hidden">I will be hidden on all screens except for screen readers.</span>
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Colors
As described in the Colors chapter, here is a list of all text and background color classes:
The classes for text colors are: .text-muted, .text-primary, .text-success, .text-info,.text-warning, .text-danger, .text-secondary, .text-white,.text-dark, .text-body (default body color/often black) and .text-light:
Example
This text is muted.
This text is important.
This text indicates success.
This text represents some information.
This text represents a warning.
This text represents danger.
Secondary text.
Dark grey text.
Body text.
Light grey text.
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Contextual text classes can also be used on links:
Example
Muted link.Primary link.Success link.Info link.Warning link.Danger link.Secondary link.Dark grey link.Body/black link.Light grey link.
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You can also add 50% opacity for black or white text with the .text-black-50 or .text-white-50 classes:
Example
Black text with 50% opacity on white background
White text with 50% opacity on black background
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Background Colors
The classes for background colors are: .bg-primary, .bg-success, .bg-info, .bg-warning, .bg-danger, .bg-secondary, .bg-dark and .bg-light.
Example
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The .bg-color classes above does not work well with text, or atleast then you have to specify a proper .text-color class to get the right text color for each background.
However, you can use the .text-bg-color classes and Bootstrap will automatically handle the appropriate text color for each background color:
Example
This text is important.
This text indicates success.
This text represents some information.
This text represents a warning.
This text represents danger.
Secondary background color.
Dark grey background color.
Light grey background color.
Try it Yourself »
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FAQs
What is utilities in Bootstrap 5? ›
Bootstrap utilities are generated with our utility API and can be used to modify or extend our default set of utility classes via Sass. Our utility API is based on a series of Sass maps and functions for generating families of classes with various options.
What is Bootstrap display utilities? ›1- Bootstrap Display Utility
Display Utility is part of Bootstrap. It builds a system of classes that helps you control the display (or hiding) of elements. Controls how the elements will display and react to the size changes of parent element.
For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content.
What is Bootstrap responsive utilities? ›The responsive utility classes help to build responsive web designs easily. You can hide or display the content of your choice on the web page. You have to define the size of the screen for which you are hiding or displaying the content.